DNA Digest: Lactose Intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the body is unable to properly digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. 

In this blog, we'll explore the connection between lactose intolerance and genetics, and how this may impact our dietary choices.

What is lactose intolerance?

Lactose intolerance is a condition in which the body is unable to properly digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. This occurs when the body is unable to produce enough lactase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down lactose into its component sugars.

How can genetics impact lactose intolerance?

Lactose intolerance is primarily caused by variations in the LCT gene, which codes for the production of lactase. Specifically, a genetic mutation known as LCT-13910 C>T has been linked to reduced lactase production and increased risk of lactose intolerance.

Individuals with variations in the LCT gene may be more likely to experience symptoms of lactose intolerance, such as bloating, gas, and diarrhoea after consuming dairy products.

This can impact dietary choices and overall nutrient intake, particularly for those who rely on dairy as a primary source of calcium and other important nutrients.

What are some strategies for managing lactose intolerance?

One strategy for managing lactose intolerance is to focus on consuming lactose-free or low-lactose alternatives, such as almond or soy milk. Additionally, consuming smaller portions of dairy products throughout the day, rather than in a single meal, can help to reduce symptoms of lactose intolerance.

What are some signs of lactose intolerance?

Signs of lactose intolerance can include bloating, gas, abdominal pain and diarrhoea, typically within 30 minutes to 2 hours of consuming dairy products.

In conclusion, lactose intolerance is a common condition that can be impacted by genetics. By understanding the role of the LCT gene in lactose intolerance and paying attention to our body's response to dairy products, we can make informed choices to manage lactose intolerance.

References

Rasinpera H, Savilahti E, Enattah NS, et al. A genetic test which can be used to diagnose adult-type hypolactasia in children. Gut. 2004;53(11):1571-1576. doi:10.1136/gut.2003.034165

Enattah NS, Sahi T, Savilahti E, et al. Identification of a variant associated with adult-type hypolactasia. Nat Genet. 2002;30(2):233-237. doi:10.1038/ng826

Heyman MB; Committee on Nutrition. Lactose intolerance in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2006;118(3):1279-1286. doi:10.1542/peds.2006-1721